美国商务部加强对两用物项出口管制

北京时间2020年4月28日，美国商务部产业安全局（BIS）于联邦公报（Federal Register）发布公告，称其将对《出口管理条例》（EAR）相关内容作出如下修订：1）将许可例外CIV从EAR中删除，并规定因国家安全原因受到管制的物项在被出口或再出口到国家分组D：1列的国家和地区时需要向BIS申请出口许可证，BIS将逐案审查；2）BIS拟对许可例外APR进行调整。根据调整后的APR的规定，针对国家安全原因受到管制的物项，以美国盟国为主的A：1组国家和地区无法通过许可例外APR将其再出口至D：1列国家和地区；3）BIS将进一步扩大针对中国、俄罗斯和委内瑞拉军事最终用户和军事最终用途的出口管制要求。
有关上述三点内容的详细分析请见下文：
一、从EAR中删除许可例外CIV
(一) 政策调整的具体内容

(二) 政策调整的决策依据

(三) 受此次政策调整影响的ECCN编码

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二、BIS拟对许可例外APR进行调整

三、加大对涉及中国军事最终用途与军事最终用户的出口管制

(一) 将军事最终用户纳入管制范围

(二) 拓宽受到管制的物项范围

(三) 增加电子出口信息备案的要求

四、总结分析