2020年6月2日，中国银行保险监督管理委员会（“银保监会”）发布了有关银行和保险机构（统称“金融机构”）应如何处理刑事案件的管理办法——《中国银保监会关于印发<银行保险机构涉刑案件管理办法（试行）>的通知》（银保监发〔2020〕20号）（“新管理办法”）。新管理办法将于2020年7月1日生效，旨在提高信息报送要求，并要求银行和保险公司对员工的不当行为负责。
On 2 June 2020, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission (CBIRC) released new guidelines on how banking and insurance institutions (together, “Financial Institutions”) should deal with criminal cases. The new guidelines will come into effect on 1 July 2020 and are intended to improve reporting requirements as well as holding banks and insurance companies accountable for employee misconduct.
本文重点介绍了新管理办法中的一些关键条款：
This article highlights some of the key provisions in the new guidelines:
案件分为“业内”案件和“业外”案件。
- Cases are classified into “industry” cases and “non-industry” cases.
“业内”案件是指，由金融机构或其雇员实施的（例如，非法使用重要空白凭证、印章、营业场所，或套取金融机构信用参与非法集资活动等）行为，侵犯金融机构及其客户的合法权益的刑事犯罪案件。
“Industry” cases are defined as criminal cases relating to infringement of the legiti-mate interests of Financial Institutions and their customers by the Financial Institu-tions or their employees, for examples, by way of illegal use of important blank vouchers, seals, business places and so on, or by way of fictitious insurance con-tracts for illegal fund-raising activities.
“非业内”案件是指，金融机构以外的单位、人员，直接利用金融机构产品、服务渠道等，以诈骗、盗窃、抢劫等方式严重侵犯金融机构或客户合法权益，或在金融机构场所内，以暴力等方式危害金融机构场所安全及其从业人员、客户人身安全的刑事犯罪案件。
“Non-industry” cases are defined as criminal cases relating to direct use of the prod-uct and service channels of Financial Institutions by external parties that severely in-fringe the legitimate interests of Financial Institutions and their customers by fraud, theft, robbery and so on, and the use of violence in the premises of Financial Institu-tions to harm the personal safety of employees and customers of Financial Institu-tions.
金融机构须及时向地方政府报告“重大的”犯罪案件。“重大”案件包括：银行机构案件涉案金额等值人民币一亿元以上，保险机构案件涉案金额等值人民币一千万元以上的；风险敞口金额（指涉案金额扣除已回收的现金或等同现金的资产）占案发金融法人机构总资产百分之十以上的; - Financial Institutions must report “major” cases of criminal activities to the local govern-ment in a timely manner. “Major” cases include cases involving a value of above 100 mil-lion yuan for banking institutions and a value of above 10 million yuan for insurance insti-tutions, and cases involving risk exposure that exceeds 10% of the Financial Institution’s to-tal assets.
金融机构应对案件责任人员从重问责：发生“重大”案件的；一年内发生的两起以上案件负有责任的；管理严重失职，内部控制严重失效，导致案件发生的；涉及指使、授意、教唆或胁迫他人违法违规操作，导致案件发生的；由于未能及时报告并纠正而使恶化的案件；隐瞒案件事实或隐匿、伪造、篡改、毁灭证据，抗拒、妨碍、不配合案件调查和处理的；以及其他。 - Heightened accountability standards apply in relation to “major” cases, cases involving mul-tiple occasions of violation, cases resulting from serious misconduct in management or seri-ous failure of internal control, cases involving instigating, abetting or coercing of others into the illegal acts, cases which are aggravated due to failure of prompt reporting and rectifica-tion, cases involving tampering or destruction of evidence or threatening of whistleblowers and witnesses and so on.
金融机构知悉或应知悉已发生刑事案件后，应在三个工作日内将案件确认报告分别报送至法人总部和属地派出机构。属地派出机构收到案件确认报告后，报告给银保监会的有关部门。 - After a Financial Institution becomes aware or should be aware of the occurrence of a crimi-nal case, it shall report to its headquarters and the local agency within three working days. The local agency will then pass the information on to the relevant department of the CBIRC.
金融机构须在案件确认后的八个月内提交案件审结报告；不能按时报送的，应当提出书面说明延期理由，每次延期时间原则上不超过三个月。 - Financial Institutions must submit a case conclusion report within 8 months of confirming a case, subject to time extensions of 3 months or less each time upon application supported by written explanation.
如果金融机构和有关人员积极消除或减轻违法行为的危害后果，或与有关部门合作调查违法行为，银保监会可从轻或减轻对其施加的处罚的力度。 - If the Financial Institutions and relevant persons in question actively eliminate or mitigate the harmful consequences of illegal acts or cooperate with the authorities to investigate ille-gal acts, the CBIRC may reduce the severity of punishments to be imposed on them.
有关内部问责的方式：金融机构的雇员可能会受到警告、撤职、罚款和降薪之类的问责。 - In relation to the manner of internal accountability, employees of Financial Institutions may face sanctions such as warnings, dismissals, fines and reduction of wages.
金融机构应警惕可能构成犯罪行为的“风险事件”，包括高级职员因不明原因离岗或失联，客户账户状态异常，和同业业务发生重大违约等等。 - Financial Institutions should be alert to “risk events” that may be indicators of criminal con-duct, including the departure of and loss of contact with senior staff for unknown reasons, reports from clients of abnormal account balances, major breaches of interbank contracts and so on.
鉴于内地监管机构打击金融犯罪的最新努力，在内地开展业务的银行和保险公司应确保其拥有最新并适当的行为准则和报告系统，以遵守新准则。
In light of the Mainland regulator’s renewed efforts to combat financial crimes, banks and insurance companies with operations on the Mainland should ensure that they have appropriate updated pro-tocols and reporting systems in place in order to comply with the new guidelines.