巨头科技公司呼吁制定联邦消费者数据隐私法

苹果公司CEO蒂姆·库克呼吁美国出台新的数字隐私法，并称企业收集大量个人信息正危害着社会。2018年10月库克在布鲁塞尔的演讲中称赞欧盟“成功实施”了其新的数据隐私法——《通用数据保护条例》。这迫使收集用户信息的公司默认尽可能地进行隐私保护。《通用数据保护条例》还使欧盟有权力对滥用用户数据的公司处以最高可达全球收入4%的罚款。
Apple CEO Tim Cook has called for new digital privacy laws in the United States, warning that the collection of huge amounts of personal data by companies is harming society. In his October, 2018 speech in Brussels, attended by policy experts and European Union lawmakers, Cook praised the EU’s “successful implementation” of its new data privacy law, GDPR. This forces companies collecting user information to use the highest possible privacy safeguards by default. It also gives the EU the ability to fine companies up to 4 percent of their global revenue if they misuse user data.
库克在布鲁塞尔的一次非公开会议上发表了热烈讲话。他重申了熟悉的谈话要点，比如苹果公司对隐私的承诺（以及暗示其竞争对手违背承诺），同时阐述了近年来公众对数据收集、监管和操纵的关注。
Speaking at a privacy conference in Brussels, Cook gave an impassioned and forceful speech. He reiterated familiar talking points like Apple’s commitment to privacy (and, by implication, its rivals lack of commitment) while spelling out public concerns in recent years regarding data collection, surveillance, and manipulation.
库克说现代技术产生了“数据工业综合体”，其中隐私和日常信息“以军事效率武器形式针对我们”。他还说这种机制不仅影响个人，而且影响整个社会。
Cook said that modern technology has led to the creation of a “data-industrial complex” in which private and everyday information is “weaponized against us with military efficiency.” He added that this mechanism doesn’t just affect individuals, but whole societies.
2019年7月24日，美国联邦贸易委员会公布了与Facebook达成的50亿美元和解协议的细节，委员会对这间技术巨头处理用户数据的方式增加了新限制，希望能“改变Facebook的整个隐私文化”。
On July 24, 2019, the Federal Trade Commission revealed the details of its $5 billion settlement with Facebook, saying it added new restrictions to the way the tech giant handles user data in hopes it will “change Facebook’s entire privacy culture.”
联邦贸易委员会在一份声明中表示：“对Facebook处以50亿美元的罚单，是迄今为止对侵犯消费者隐私的公司的最大罚单，是全球有史以来对隐私或数据安全最高处罚的20倍。这是美国政府对违反规定的最高罚款之一。”
“The $5 billion penalty against Facebook is the largest ever imposed on any company for violating consumers’ privacy and almost 20 times greater than the largest privacy or data security penalty ever imposed worldwide,” the FTC said in a statement. “It is one of the largest penalties ever assessed by the U.S. government for any violation.”
2019年9月10日，51家公司（包括亚马逊、美国国际商用机器公司和软件营销部队）的首席执行官参加商业圆桌会议，与美国国会领袖签署了一份备忘录，敦促他们制定“全面的消费者数据隐私法”。
On September 10, 2019, CEOs of 51 companies from the Business Roundtable, including Amazon, IBM and Salesforce, signed a letter to U.S. congressional leaders Tuesday urging them to create “a comprehensive consumer data privacy law.”
这封信发出之际，议员们一直在更密切地审查大型科技公司的数据操作。联邦贸易委员会就Google and Facebook对用户数据的处理作出了两项重大罚款。周一，来自美国各州和地区的50名总检察长宣布对Google广告业务展开调查，指公司严重依赖数据。有了这个新信息，科技界领导者正在为制定立法提供帮助，来规范他们自己的产业。
The letter comes as lawmakers have been more closely scrutinizing Big Tech over its data practices. The Federal Trade Commission issued two major fines to Google and Facebook over their handling of user data. And on Monday, 50 attorneys general from U.S. states and territories announced an investigation into Google’s advertising business, which heavily relies on data. With this new message, tech leaders are offering their help in forming legislation that could regulate their own industry.